隔代抚养对初中生非认知能力发展的影响——基于CEPS数据的实证研究

Influence of Grandparenting on the Development of Non-cognitive Ability of Junior Middle School Students--Empirical Research Based on CEPS Data

随着家庭隔代抚养的日益盛行,尽可能全面地探究隔代抚养对初中生非认知能力发展的影响显得尤为重要。基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)基线数据,利用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)从隔代抚养视角探究抚养方式对初中生非认知能力的影响。研究发现,第一,隔代抚养组与父母抚养组在个体特征和家庭特征上存在较大差异;第二,隔代抚养对初中生非认知能力具有显著消极效应,接受隔代抚养的初中生在环境适应能力、情绪调节能力、自我规制能力和自我效能感知等维度均显著低于父母抚养组,且对环境适应能力和自我效能感知的影响作用较大;第三,隔代抚养的抑制效应存在群体异质性,对农村、女生群体的作用更为凸显。面对隔代抚养决策的现实压力及其诸多弊端,注重发挥父母抚养作用,提升祖辈抚养能力,实现隔代抚养决策的效益最大化,同时借助学校教育进行补位,最终促进初中生能力的全面发展。

With the increasing prevalence of family grandparenting,it is particularly important to explore the impact of grandparenting on the development of non-cognitive ability of junior high school students as comprehensively as possible.Based on the baseline data of Chinese education tracking survey(CEPS),this paper uses the propensity score matching method(PSM)to explore the influence of rearing style on the non-cognitive ability of junior high school students from the perspective of grandparenting.The study found that:firstly,there are great differences in individual and family characteristics between the grandparenting group and the parental-support group.Secondly,grandparenting has a significant negative effect on the non-cognitive ability of junior high school students.The dimensions of environmental adaptability,emotional regulation ability,self-regulation ability and self-efficacy perception of junior high school students raised by grandparenting are significantly lower than those of their parents,and have a greater impact on environmental adaptability and self-efficacy perception.Thirdly,the inhibitory effect of grandparenting has group heterogeneity,which is more prominent in rural areas and to girls.In the face of the realistic pressure and many disadvantages of grandparenting decision-making,we should pay attention to give full play to the parenting role,enhance the parenting ability of grandparents,maximize the benefit of grandparenting decision-making,and make up places with the help of school education.Finally promote the all-round development of junior high school students’ability.