“新基建”提升了战略性新兴产业的技术效率吗

Will“New Infrastructure”Improve the Technological Efficiency of Strategic Emerging Industries?

“新基建”理论上可通过数字化转型、创新链优化、产业链重构、产业网络集聚等为战略性新兴产业技术效率提升赋能。通过构建计量模型并利用2003—2016年30个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,实证检验却发现:样本期间的“新基建”及其三个组成类型(“信息基建“”融合基建“”创新基建”)均未显著促进战略性新兴产业技术效率提升,说明“新基建”并不必然提升战略性新兴产业技术效率。在行业异质性上,“新基建”主要赋能新材料产业和生物产业技术效率提升,而对其他行业技术效率提升的影响并不显著;在地区异质性上,“新基建”显著促进了中、西部地区战略性新兴产业技术效率及其综合技术效率的提升,但对东部及东北地区的作用并不突出。本文认为,“新基建”的产业升级效应难以在短期内充分发挥,应将其视为有效投资,带动消费需求升级,长期内则可成为“双循环”赋能利器。

The new infrastructure construction can theoretically empower the technological efficiency of strategic emerging industries through digital transformation,innovation chains optimizing,industrial chain restructuring,and industrial network agglomeration,etc.,and the effects of its empowerment exist heterogeneity by type,industry,and region.By constructing a measurement model and using panel data from 30 provinces from 2003 to 2016,the empirical test found that the“new infrastructure”and its three component types(“information infrastructure”,“fusion infrastructure”and“innovation infrastructure”)did not promote significantly the technological efficiency of strategic emerging industries during the sample period.In terms of industry heterogeneity,“new infrastructure”mainly empowered the new material industry and the bio-industry to improve technological efficiency,but there was no significant impact on the technological efficiency in the rest of the industries.In terms of regional heterogeneity,“new infrastructure”had significantly enhanced the technological efficiency of strategic emerging industries in the central and western regions,while the impact was not prominent in east and northeast China.