阶层分化、教养选择与农民工随迁子女在校表现

Class Differentiation,Parenting Style Choice and Migrant Children's School Performance

家庭教养具有鲜明的阶层特质,农民工内部分化导致该群体的教养选择不同,进而影响随迁子女在校表现。基于中国教育追踪调查2013-2014年基线数据,以家庭教养理论为指导,分析了不同阶层随迁子女在校表现及其形成机制。研究发现:首先,随迁子女在校表现总体良好,但梯度性和跳跃性并存,中上层者的在校表现优于平均水平;其次,随迁子女家庭教养伴随其阶层地位提高而愈好,表现为高阶层者的教育期望较大、生活管教较严和情感沟通较多;最后,随迁子女家庭教养选择不仅对其在校表现具有显著正向影响,还充分解释了该群体在校表现的阶层差异,构成完全中介变项。因此,随迁子女在校表现在很大程度上取决于阶层分化带来的教养选择,需要通过提升和优化农民工整体地位,以保障随迁子女教育公平发展。

Parenting style has distinct class characteristics,The internal differentiation of migrant workers leads to different parenting style choice,and then affects the school performance of their children.Based on the data of CEPS(2013-2014),and guided by the theory of parenting style,this paper analyzes migrant children'school performance of different classes and its formation mechanism.The results show that:firstly,migrant children'school performance is generally good,but the gradient and jumping of the stratum coexist,and the upper middle class is better than the average.Secondly,with the improvement of their status,their parenting style becomes better,which shows that the higher class have higher education expectation,stricter life control and more emotional communication.Thirdly,the parenting style choice not only has a significant positive impact on migrant children'school performance,but also fully explains the class differences of their school performance,forming a completely intermediary variable.Therefore,migrant children'school performance depends on the parenting style choice brought by class differentiation to a great extent.It is necessary to improve and optimize the overall status of migrant workers to ensure the fair development of migrant children'education.