明代汾州地区乡贤文化的形成机制与影响特征

The Formation Mechanism and Influencing Characteristics of County Sage Culture in Fenzhou Area in Ming Dynasty

明代是我国传统社会转型的重要时期,以乡贤群体为代表的社会力量的崛起深刻影响了明代社会。乡贤的形成与祭祀政策的演变密切相关,从先贤祠到乡贤祠,乡贤选择的属地化特征日趋明显。乡贤遴选入祀有一整套程序,必须经过乡土精英、地方政府、民间百姓三方的共同认可。明代汾州地区乡贤数量颇多,乡贤群体是乡贤文化承载的主体,其时空分布与品格特征突出。汾州地区乡贤文化的形成经历着两大阶段,乡贤文化通过文化濡化这一机制参与地方治理,由此形成的乡贤濡化圈、乡贤濡化网促进了乡土社会各项事业的发展。

The Ming Dynasty was an important period for the transformation of China’s traditional society.The rise of social forces represented by county sage groups has profoundly affected the society of Ming Dynasty.The formation of county sage is closely related to the evolution of sacrificial policy.From the change of the pantheon to the county sage,the localization characteristics in the choosing of county sage have become increasingly obvious.There are a whole set of procedures for the selection of county sage for enrollment,which must be approved by the local elites,local governments and civilians.In Ming Dynasty,a large number of township sages in Fenzhou,with outstanding spatial and temporal distribution and character characteristics were the main body of the township sage culture.The formation of county sage culture in Fenzhou area has gone through two major stages.County sage culture participated in local governance through the mechanism of cultural transformation,and thus the formation of county sage culture circle and county sage culture network promoted the development of various causes in local society.