行为转变理论模型指导下的阶段性干预对冠心病患者健康行为和自我效能的影响

Effect of Staged Intervention Guided by Transtheoretical Model and Stages of Change on Health Behavior and Self-Efficacy of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的:探讨行为转变理论模型指导下的阶段性干预对冠心病患者健康行为和自我效能的影响。方法:选取2017年12月1日~2019年12月1日收治的98例冠心病患者,按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各49例,对照组依照常规流程实施护理,研究组则在对照组基础上实施行为转变理论模型指导下的阶段性护理干预;比较两组干预前后健康行为[采用健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)]和自我效能[采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)]。结果:干预后,研究组HPLP-Ⅱ中营养摄取、自我实现、体育运动、人际关系、压力处理、健康职责6个维度得分高于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组GSES评分高于干预前(P<0.01,P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:行为转变理论模型指导的阶段性干预有助于促进冠心病患者建立健康行为,提升自我效能,改善预后。

Objective:To explore the effect of staged intervention guided by transtheoretical model and stages of change on health behavior and self-efficacy of patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:A total of 98 patients with coronary heart disease admitted from December 1,2017 to December 31,2019 were selected and divided into study group and control group according to the random number table method with 49 cases each.The control group implemented nursing according to the routine process,and the study group implemented staged nursing intervention under the guidance of transtheoretical model and stages of change on the basis of the control group.Health behavior[the health promoting lifestyle scaleⅡ(HPLP-Ⅱ)]and self-efficacy[the general self-efficacy scale(GSES)]were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:after the intervention,the 6 dimension scores of nutrition intake,self-realization,sports,relationship,stress management,and health responsibility of HPLP-Ⅱin the study group were higher than that of control group(P<0.01);After intervention,GSES scores of the two groups were higher than those before intervention(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the study group was higher than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Staged intervention guided by transtheoretical model and stages of change is helpful to promote healthy behaviors,and improve self-efficacy and prognosis in patients with CORONARY heart disease.