“躺卧”动词语义图研究

Research on Semantic Maps for Lie Down

语言中的"躺卧"义动词普遍具有多义性,文章运用22种语言或方言64个涉"躺卧"义词多义性材料,构建"躺卧"动词概念空间并绘制不同语言的传统语义图。在此基础上,以覆盖不同语义原子的多义词数量为权重,构建加权语义网络图,标示语义邻近性关系。对跨语言材料做层次聚类分析,通过树状图呈现与"躺卧"相关的概念之间远近亲疏关系,结合加权语义图和聚类分析勾勒词义演变和功能扩展的路径,比较汉语和印欧语在相关词语语义引申机制的异同。

Lie down verbs have the universal characteristic of polysemy.According to corpus of 64 polysemies in 22 languages or dialects,this paper builds a universal conceptual space and traditional semantic maps for each language.On the basis of that,we take the number of polysemies covering semantic atoms as weight to construct a weighted semantic network and indicate the semantic proximity.Then hierarchical agglomerative clustering is conducted on cross-linguistic corpus in order to represent the distance and closeness between concepts related to Lie down with dendrogram.Based on the weighted semantic network and cluster analysis we lastly draw the path of semantic evolution and function expansion as well as explore the similarity in mechanisms of semantic extension among Chinese and Indo-European languages.