张家口市环境空气污染物浓度及空气质量指数与鼻出血发病的关系

The relationships between air pollutant concentration, air quality index and incidence of nosebleed

目的探讨环境空气污染物浓度及空气质量指数(AQI)与鼻出血发病的关系。方法收集2019年1月-2019年12月在张家口市河北北方学院附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科就诊的急诊鼻出血患者为研究对象。收集本地区AQI及环境空气污染物浓度,即细颗粒物(PM2.5、PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、一氧化碳(CO)、臭氧(O3)浓度。采用Pearson法分析鼻出血患者就诊数量及其与各环境空气污染物指标的关系。根据AQI数值将全部数据分为3个等级(AQI≤100,100<AQI≤200,AQI>200),比较各等级鼻出血发病情况。结果张家口市鼻出血就诊数量与PM2.5、CO、 NO2浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而与O3浓度呈显著负相关(P<0.05);鼻出血发生率均随着AQI数值增加而明显增加,与AQI≤100分级相比,张家口市100<AQI≤200与AQI>200分级时鼻出血发病率均显著升高(P<0.05)。结论随着PM2.5、NO2、CO浓度及AQI数值的增加,张家口市急诊鼻出血数量明显增加。

Objective To investigate the relationships between air pollutant concentration, air quality index(AQI) and incidence of nosebleed.Methods From Jan 2019 to Dec 2019, patients with nosebleed were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City. Air quality index(AQI) and concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in this area were collected, namely fine particulate matter(PM2.5,PM10), sulfur dioxide(SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), carbon monoxide(CO), and ozone(O3). Pearson method was used to analyze the number of patients with nosebleed and its relationship with environmental air pollutant indexes. According to the AQI values, the data were divided into three grades(AQI≤ 100 grade, 100<AQI≤ 200 grade, AQI>200 grade), and the incidences of nosebleed in each grade were compared.Results The incidence of nosebleed in Zhangjiakou was positively correlated with PM2.5, NO2, CO concentration(all P<0.05), and negatively with O3 concentration(P<0.05). The incidence of nosebleed increased significantly with the increase of AQI. The incidences of nosebleed in the 100<AQI≤200 grade and AQI> 200 grade were significantly higher than that in the AQI≤100 grade(both P<0.05).Conclusion With the increases of PM2.5, NO2, CO concentration and AQI value, the incidence of nosebleed in Zhangjiakou increases significantly.