我国“双一流”高校专利技术转移速度研究——基于专利许可转让年龄的多维比较和历时分析

Study on the Speed of Patent Technology Transfer of “Double Top-Class” Universities in China:Based on the Multi-dimensional Comparison and Diachronic Analysis of the Age of Patent License and Transfer

[目的/意义]技术转移速度决定技术成果的市场价值,代表着企业对新技术的敏感度,也反映了高校的社会服务效率。[方法/过程]以"双一流"高校为例,从incoPat数据库获取专利数据,计算专利许可转让年龄并进行多维比较和历时分析,揭示高校专利技术转移速度的分布及变化规律。[结果/结论]专利技术转移数量不断攀升,但速度未能提升,专利许可转让时滞有所延长;高校专利技术转移速度受到合作模式、专利类型、转移形式、交易对象性质、行业类型等因素影响;在数量和速度二维框架下,专利技术转移效率存在显著的校际差异,只有少数高校能兼顾数量与速度。

[Purpose/significance]The speed of technology transfer determines the market value of technological achievements,represents the sensitivity of enterprises to new technologies,and reflects the efficiency of social services in universities.[Method/process]Taking"Double Top-Class"universities as example,this study collects data from the IncoPat database,calculates the age of patent licenses and transfers,and reveals the distribution and change law of patent technology speed in universities through multi-dimensional comparison and diachronic analysis.[Result/conclusion]The quantity of patent technology transfers has continued to rise,but the speed has not improved,instead,the time lag of patent licenses and transfers has prolonged.The speed of patent technology transfer is affected by various factors,including cooperation pattern,patent type,transfer type,transaction object type,and industry type.Under the two-dimensional framework of quantity and speed,there is a significant difference in the efficiency of patent technology transfer for different universities,and only a few universities are excellent in both quantity and speed.