球形储罐罐底附加插销式铅阻尼器减震研究

Research on Shock Absorption of Additional Plug-type Lead Damper at the Bottom of Spherical Tank

为加强球形储罐在地震动作用时的安全性,根据球形储罐的结构特点设计了一种插销式铅阻尼器,采用有限元数值仿真手段对插销式铅阻尼器进行力学性能研究,结果表明,其滞回曲线十分饱满,铅棒在微小位移下便能进入屈服阶段耗散地震能量。通过参数识别得到铅阻尼的Bouc-Wen恢复力模型基本参数,数学模型与有限元仿真计算结果十分吻合。同时构建了球形储罐考虑储液晃动时罐底附加铅阻尼器时的简化力学模型及相应的运动控制方程。算例分析结果表明:在球形储罐底部附加插销式铅阻尼器后,球罐总的基底剪力,支柱承担的基底剪力及倾覆弯矩均明显降低,但对储液晃动波高控制有限;1000 m^3球形储罐底部附加插销式铅阻尼器后与小罐模型计算结果基本一致,减震效果良好。建议球罐减震设计时可采用罐底附加铅阻尼器的减震方式,其具有减震效果好、易安装、易拆卸、易更换、经济廉价的特点。

In order to enhance the safety of the spherical tank in the ground motion,a plug type lead damper was designed according to the structural characteristics of the spherical tank.The finite element numerical simulation method was used to study the mechanical properties of the plug type lead damper.The results show that the hysteresis curve is very full,and the lead rod can enter the yielding stage to dissipate the seismic energy under a small displacement.The basic parameters of the Bouc-Wen resilience model of lead damping were obtained by parameter identification.The mathematical model was in good agreement with the finite element simulation results.At the same time,a simplified mechanical model and corresponding motion control equations for the spherical tank with additional lead damper at the bottom of the tank considering the sloshing of the reservoir were constructed.The results show that after the plug type lead damper was added at the bottom of the spherical tank scale model,the total base shear force of the spherical tank,the base shear force and the overturning bending moment of the pillar were obviously reduced,but the control of the sloshing wave height of the liquid storage was limited;The results of the 1000 m^3 spherical tank model were in good agreement with those of the small tank model,and the damping effect was good.It is recommended to use the shock absorbing measures of additional lead damper at the bottom of the tank when designing the seismic design of the spherical tank.It has the characteristics of good damping effect,easy installation,easy disassembly,easy replacement and low cost.