运城市盐湖区桃园施肥现状与减肥空间分析

Analysis of Fertilization Status and Reducing Fertilization Space of Peach Orchard in Yanhu District of Yuncheng City

为了解运城市盐湖区桃园施肥状况,对该地区有代表性的22个桃园施肥状况进行调查与分析。结果表明,所调查的果农有95.4%施用了化肥,而仅有18.1%果农施用了有机肥;果农盲目施肥,同时存在施肥过多和肥料不足的情况,导致氮、磷、钾养分比例失衡;结合桃树推荐施肥量分析表明,50%的果农节约氮、磷、钾空间分别有62.7%、51.1%、17.8%;果农比较重视基肥的施用,在桃树的花芽分化期、果实硬核期和膨大期追肥投入不足。因此,运城市盐湖区桃园应增加有机肥用量,合理调控氮磷养分的投入,根据树体生长规律分期施肥,以提高桃子的品质,实现桃产业的可持续发展。

To understand the fertilization status of peach orchards in Yanhu district of Yuncheng city,22 representative peach orchards in this area were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that 95.4%of the farmers surveyed applied chemical fertilizer,while only 18.1%applied organic fertilizer.Meanwhile,fruit farmers applied fertilizer blindly,and there were excessive fertilization and insufficient fertilizer at the same time,which led to the imbalance of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients.Combined with the recommended amount of fertilizer applied to peach trees,50%of farmers had 62.7%,51.1%and 17.8%space for saving nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,respectively.In addition,fruit farmers paid more attention to the application of base fertilizer,but insufficient topdressing input in peach flower bud differentiation stage,fruit hard core stage and expansion stage.Therefore,the peach orchard in Yanhu district of Yuncheng city should increase the amount of organic fertilizer,reasonably regulate the input of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients,and apply fertilizer by stages according to the law of tree growth,so as to improve the quality of peach and realize the sustainable development of peach industry.