丹参化学成分抗纤维化药理作用及机制研究进展

Research Progress of Anti-fibrosis Pharmacological Effect and Mechanisms of Chemical Components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma

纤维化是以成纤维细胞活化与细胞外基质异常增多和过度沉积为特征的病理过程,可发生于多种器官,持续进展可致器官结构破坏和功能减退乃至衰竭,严重威胁人类健康和生命。由于纤维化病理机制的复杂性,目前临床上仍缺乏有效的治疗药物。中药丹参为唇形科植物丹参的干燥根及根茎,是常用的活血化瘀药。现代药理学研究表明,丹参中的丹参酮类和丹酚酸类成分具有抗氧化、抗炎、抑制胶原纤维产生和促进纤维蛋白降解、抑制细胞增殖等多方面作用,在防治组织器官纤维化方面具有良好的应用前景。该文结合最新研究进展,对丹参中主要成分的抗纤维化药效和作用机制进行综述,以期为丹参的进一步研究和应用提供参考。

Fibrosis is a pathological feature of most chronic inflammatory diseases,which is pathologically characterized by activation of fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix components.Fibrosis affects nearly every tissue in the body.If highly progressive,the fibrotic process eventually leads to organ malfunction and even death.Due to the complexity of the pathological mechanism of fibrosis,there is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs.Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,dry roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza,is a kind of traditional Chinese medicines for activating blood and removing stasis.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the tanshinones and salvianolic acids in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma have a wide range of anti-fibrosis effects,such as inhibiting the production of collagen fibers,promoting the degradation of fibrin,and inhibiting cell proliferation.In this review,pharmacological actions and mechanisms of active ingredients of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were summarized to provide references for the further development and utilization of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.