系统化护理干预对冠心病心绞痛患者疾病知识认知度及心理状态的影响

Effect of systematic nursing intervention on disease knowledge and psychological status of patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris

目的探讨系统化护理干预对冠心病心绞痛患者疾病知识认知度及心理状态的影响.方法将78例冠心病心绞痛患者按照入院时间不同分为观察组与对照组,每组39例,均实施常规治疗及护理干预,观察组在上述基础上实施系统化护理干预,出院后随访6个月.干预前后采用冠心病心绞痛疾病知识认知程度调查问卷评估两组疾病知识认知度,正性负性情绪状态量表评估两组心理状态,自我护理能力测定量表评估两组自护能力,随访6个月统计比较两组心绞痛发生率.结果干预后两组冠心病心绞痛疾病知识认知程度调查问卷疾病病因、用药标准、自我护理维度评分均较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.01);两组正性负性情绪状态量表正性情绪维度评分均较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.01),负性情绪维度评分均较干预前显著降低(P<0.01),观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.01);两组自我护理能力测定量表自我护理技能、自我概念、健康知识水平、自我责任感评分均较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01).随访6个月观察组心绞痛发生率(8.1%)显著低于对照组(26.3%)(P<0.05).结论系统化护理干预能显著提高冠心病心绞痛患者对疾病知识的认知度及心理健康水平,增强自护能力,降低心绞痛发生率.

Objective To explore the effect of systematic nursing intervention on disease knowledge and psychological status of patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.Methods 78 patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris were divided into observation group and control group according to the time of admission,39 cases in each group,both routine treatment and nursing intervention were im-plemented.The observation group implemented sys tematic nursing intervention on the basis of the above,and were followed up for 6 months after discharge.Before and after the intervention,the coronary heart disease angina pectoris disease knowledge awareness questionnaire was used to evaluate the two groups of disease knowledge awareness,the positive and negative emotional state scale to evaluate the mental state of the two groups,and the self-care ability measurement scale to evaluate the self-care ability of the two groups.After 6 months of follow up,statistically comparing the incidence of angina pectoris between the two groups.Results After intervention,the scores of the disease etiology,medication standards,and self-care dimensions of the two groups of coronary heart disease angina pectoris knowledge cognition ques-tionnaires were significantly higher than before the intervention(P<0.01),the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01),the positive emotional dimension scores of the two groups of positive and negative emotional state scales were significantly higher than before the intervention(P<0.01),the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01).The negative emotion dimension scores were significantly lower than before lthe intervention(P<0.01),the observation group wassignificantly lower than the control group(P<0.01).The self care skills.self-concept.health knowledge level,and self responsibility score of the two groups of self care ability measurement scale were significantly higher than before intervention(P<0.01),and the observation group was significantly high-er than the control group(P<0.05 or 0.01).After 6 months of follow up,the incidence of angina pecto-ris in the observation group(8.1%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(26.3%)(P<0.05).Conclusions Systematic nursing intervention can significantly improve the knowledge and mental.health of patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris.