预约挂号的法律效力及违约责任分析

Analysis of the Legal Effect and Default Liability of Hospital Appointment Registration

预约挂号形式的推广有助于患者就医流程的优化及就医感受的提高,在疫情防控特殊时期更突显出管控就诊量、避免人员密集导致群体感染的优势,但因其预约性,难免会在就诊当日存在违约情形,如患者爽约未按约定时间就诊或医师尤其是特定号源的专家违约无法按时接诊等。预约挂号本身即是合同的订立,并非为订立合同进行的磋商,所以,若违反该合同,所应承担的责任是违约责任并不是缔约过失责任。违约情形的出现可以尽量减少但确实难以完全避免。违约情形出现后的解决则成为控制医患纠纷发生、发展的重要环节,明晰预约挂号的法律效力、分析其责任承担是相关纠纷妥善解决的基础。因此,文章从合同角度分析预约挂号的法律效力,并分别从医疗机构和患者角度分析违约后所应承担的法律后果,并提出降低医疗机构违约责任、保障患者顺利就医的几点意见。

The promotion of making an appointment could help patients hospitalized process optimization and improvement of medical experience,more highlight the advantages of control of medical consultations during epidemic prevention period,avoidance of crowded conditions leading to mass infection.But because of its reservation characteristic,there is inevitably clinic the default situation,such as patients fail to be according to the agreed time seeing a doctor,physician,or experts in a specific source number.The appointment itself is the conclusion of the contract,not the contract for the consultation for the conclusion.So,if there is the breach of the contract,the responsibility is to undertake the breach of contract liability rather than contracting fault liability.Defaults can be minimized,but they can’t be avoided.The resolution of the situation of default becomes an important link to control the occurrence and development of doctor-patient disputes,and it is the basis for the proper resolution of relevant disputes to clarify the legal effect of registration appointment and analyze its liability.Therefore,the paper analyzes the legal effect of registered appointment from the perspective of contract,analyzes the legal consequences of breach of contract from the perspective of medical institutions and patients respectively,and puts forward some suggestions on reducing the liability of breach of contract of medical institutions and ensuring the smooth treatment of patients.