2型糖尿病并发大血管病变的危险因素分析与自我管理

Self-management and risk factors of predicting macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

探讨2型糖尿病合并大血管病变的相关危险致病因素,以期指导制定自我管理方案.采用回顾性病例-对照研究方法,选2型糖尿病患者85例,根据是否合并大血管病变,分为单纯2型糖尿病组(T2DM组, n=41)及合并大血管病变组(T2DM+MV组, n=44),选同期的40例非糖尿病患者作为对照,比较各组患者的一般资料及入院时的血压、血清镁、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血脂水平等参数.结果表明:糖尿病病程(比值比(OR)=1.268, 95%置信区间(CI):1.076~1.496)、空腹血糖(OR=2.147, 95%CI:1.167~3.949)及糖化血红蛋白水平(OR=4.936, 95%CI:1.575~15.470)是2型糖尿病患者并发大血管病变的独立危险因素,而血清镁水平则是独立保护性因素(OR=0.001,95%CI:0.000~0.014).同时表明,在2型糖尿病早期自我管理中,积极控制血糖及维持血清镁在较高水平是预防大血管病变的有效途径.

The current study was aimed to investigate the associated risk factors of predicting macrovascular(MV)complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).It was a retrospective case-controlled study.A total of 85 patients with T2DM were included and divided into two groups,based on the status of MV complications(MV complications group;T2DM+MVgroup,n=44)and non-MV complications group(T2DMgroup,n=41).During the same period,40 non-diabetic patients were taken as the control group.The general information,blood pressure,serum magnesium,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and serum lipid metabolism at admission were collected and compared between groups.The duration of T2DM[odds ratio(OR)=1.268,95%confidence interval(CI):1.076–1.496],fasting blood glucose(OR=2.147,95%CI:1.167–3.949)and glycosylated hemoglobin(OR=4.936,95%CI:1.575–15.470)were independent risk factors to predict macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM.Furthermore,the serum magnesium was an independent protective factor(OR=0.001,95%CI:0.000–0.014).In the early self-management of T2DM,control of hyperglycemia and maintenance of high serum magnesium level are effective approaches to reduce the risk of macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM.