美国石油行业预防静电技术标准发展趋势探讨

Discussion on the Development Trend of Electrostatic Prevention Technology Standard in American Petroleum Industry

预防静电是提高油气站场安全等级的重要措施。应按照标准规范,针对预防静电设施进行检查检测,消除安全隐患,为油气站场安全运行提供可靠保障。介绍了防静电领域综合性和权威性的美国国家消防协会标准NFPA 77—2014《防静电推荐做法》。结合新版NFPA 77修订内容,阐述了美国石油行业在静电机理、静电危害评估、静电危害控制和储罐静电安全防护等方面最新技术进展,例如新增利用场强计测定电荷积聚或衰减的方法,修订评估液体引燃危害的闪点安全系数,新增导电鞋袜设计原则和防静电服性能评价方法等。我国石油行业标准SY/T 6340等同采标NFPA 77,提出根据NFPA 77新修订的技术内容,国内标准SY/T 6340应开展标准更新,提高我国管道行业安全管理水平。

Static protection is an important measure to improve the safety level of oil and gas stations. According to the standard and specification, the static prevention facilities shall be inspected and tested to eliminate potential safety hazards and provide reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the oil and gas station. The paper introduces the comprehensive and authoritative American fire protection association standard NFPA 77-2014 R Recommended Practice on Static Electricity. Based on the revised contents of NFPA 77, the latest technical development in static mechanism, electrostatic hazard assessment, static hazard control and storage tank electrostatic safety protection in the U.S. oil industry is described, such as The new method of measuring the accumulation and relaxation of charge by field meter,and design principle of conductive flooring and footwear, and assessment method of antistatic clothing. China standard SY/T 6340 is equivalent adopting NFPA 77. According to the newly revised technical content of NFPA 77, the China standard SY/T 6340 should be updated to improve the safety management level of China pipeline industry.