高含硫气井井控安全评价及井喷应急能力提升对策

Safety evaluation of well control of high-sulfur gas wells and measures to improve blowout emergency capability

针对川东北地区高含硫气井钻井过程中的井喷失控风险,以典型M井为研究对象,通过"溢流-井涌-井喷"事故链对现有井控保护层进行分析后确定其可靠性,并以基于FLACS软件的M井井喷失控导致的硫化氢泄漏扩散仿真模拟为基础,结合现场实际及周边人员分布情况,对M井钻井现场的应急处置、应急疏散、事故后果消除等应急能力进行评估。研究结果表明,M井现有的三级井控保护层可以基本满足高含硫气井钻井安全要求,但无法彻底消除由于复杂纵向压力层系导致的恶性井喷失控风险,一旦发生井喷失控极有可能导致大规模的人员伤亡。针对识别出的关键风险及应急能力不足之处,提出了针对性的安全保障对策及建议,为高含硫气田安全开发及风险管控能力提升提供决策支持。

Contrary to blowout risk of high sulfur gas wells in Northeast Sichuan,the reliability of the existing well control protection layer is determined after analyzing the typical well M"overflow kick blowout"accident chain.Then,based on the simulation of hydrogen sulfide leakage and diffusion caused by uncontrolled blowout of well M based on FLACS software,combined with the actual situation,emergency disposal,emergency evacuation and accident consequences of well M are analyzed The emergency response capacity was evaluated.The results show that the well control measures of well M can basically meet the safety requirements of high sulfur gas wells,but can not completely eliminate the risk of uncontrolled malignant blowout.Once the blowout is out of control,it will inevitably lead to large-scale casualties.In view of the identified key risks and deficiencies of emergency response capability,the corresponding security countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to provide decision support for the safe development of high sulfur gas fields and the improvement of risk control ability.