体素不相关运动成像对前列腺癌的检测、分层及鉴别作用

Detection,stratification and differentiation of prostate cancer by intravoxel incoherent motion imaging

近年来,前列腺癌患者的发病率显著上升,因此早期诊断以及肿瘤的恶性程度分层至关重要。经直肠超声引导下穿刺活检是诊断前列腺癌的金标准,也可进行病理分级,但是其为有创检查,可能产生不良副作用,多不作为首选。多参数磁共振成像是早期前列腺癌诊断首选的最佳影像学方法,其中扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)应用较为广泛,无创地反映组织中水分子的扩散,提高病灶的检出率。随着磁共振成像技术的发展,在DWI基础上发展出来的体素内不相干运动(intravoxel incoherent motion,IVIM)模型逐渐应用于临床,其采用多种b值,无需静脉注射钆的造影剂,即可分别得出组织扩散以及微循环血流灌注两种信息,潜在价值可能优于传统DWI。该文就体素不相关运动成像在前列腺癌中所起的作用进行综述。

In recent years,the morbidity of prostate cancer has increased dramatically,so it is very important to make early diagnosis and judge the malignant degree of the tumor.Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of prostate cancer,and it can also be classified pathologically,but it is invasive and may cause adverse side effects,so it is not the first choice.Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging method for the diagnosis of early prostate cancer,among which diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)is widely used to reflect the diffusion of water molecules in tissue and improve the detection rate of lesions.With the development of magnetic resonance imaging technology,the intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)model developed on the basis of DWI is gradually used in clinic.It uses a variety of b values and does not need intravenous injection of gadolinium contrast agent to obtain tissue diffusion and microcirculation perfusion information respectively.The potential value may be better than that of traditional DWI.This article reviews the role of IVIM imaging in prostate cancer.