青少年影子教育参与:学校群体与先赋差异——基于CEPS数据的多水平分析

The Participation in Shadow Education of Adolescents:School Peer Group and Ascribed Difference——A Multilevel Analysis Based on CEPS Data

青少年影子教育的影响因素及其作用机制是现有研究尚未充分讨论的问题。本研究使用“中国教育追踪调查”(CEPS)基线数据进行多水平分析的结果显示,青少年影子教育参与机会受到先赋因素和学校群体因素的双重影响。在影子教育参与机会的差异中,有超过40%的方差是来自学校层面,并且学校因素主要通过同伴效应对影子教育参与产生作用。除直接影响外,同伴群体因素还通过调节效应间接影响先赋因素的作用强度。进一步的分析发现,不同类型的影子教育受到不同先赋因素的影响。其中,学术类的影子教育主要受到家庭社会资本和经济资本的影响,而才艺类影子教育主要受到家庭文化资本的影响。

The influence factors and their impact on shadow education opportunities are not fully discussed in existing studies.Applying China Education Panel Survey data and multilevel analysis model,we find that adolescents’shadow education is influenced by family background and school peer group factors.More than 40%of the variance comes from the school level,and the school factors play a role in shadow education mainly through peer effect.In addition to the direct impact,peer group factors also indirectly affect the role of ascribed factors by moderation effect.In the subdivision,different types of shadow education are affected by different ascribed factors.The academic type is mainly influenced by the social capital and economic capital of the family,while the talent type is mainly influenced by the cultural capital of the family.These findings can provide a reference for further understanding of the behavior of family education investment and the role of shadow education in social reproduction function.