道德凸显和伦理隐退的中国德育危机与出路

The Crisis and Outlet of China’s Enlightenment about the Prominent Morality and the Weakening Ethics

道德主要指向主体的心灵秩序,伦理主要指向外在的社会秩序,二者并不必然统一,妥善的做法是在道德和伦理之间保持恰当的张力。然而,在我国现今的德育中,道德日益凸显,伦理却日益隐退。伦理隐退的德育偏离了教育的本质追求,助长了个体自由的消逝和精神的迷惘,易导致伦理失序和共同体衰落。为了充分尊重现代道德教育的成果和消解这种道德教育带来的危机,我国要以现代伦理共同体为起点,以现代伦理人培养为目标,以人伦关系为主要化育内容,以风俗为主要化育手段,实施德育。

Morality mainly directs one’s spiritual order,while ethics primarily point to the extrinsic social order,so they are not unified,and the appropriate way is keeping balance between morality and ethics.However,in modern enlightenment of our country,morality is increasingly prominent,ethics is gradually weakening.The enlightenment of ethical retreat deviates from the essential pursuit of education,which contributes to the disappearance of individual freedom and the confusion of the spirit,and easily leads to ethical disorder and community decline.To resolve the crisis while fully respecting the achievements of moral education,this study suggests that our country should regard modern ethic community as the starting point of moral education,and take the cultivation of modern ethical people as the goal,using human relations and customs as the main content and means of education to carry out enlightenment.