贫困学生培养成本补偿的理论与方法

Compensating Education Cost for Students from Poor Families/Regions:Theory and Method

本文基于特征价格理论,从理论和技术层面讨论贫困生培养成本补偿问题。学生家庭贫困或所在地区贫困等不利处境导致他们达至同等水平的教育成就需要更多的资源投入。贫困人口或地区的教育成本补偿标准应依据教育成本函数中“贫困”环境相关特征的隐形价格确定。特征价格分解技术对完善我国基础教育财政制度及评估地方政府教育精准扶贫努力程度具有重要启示,为理解教育精准扶贫背景下的财政充足与公平提供了参考。

The paper reviews the theoretical underpinning and technical framework for approximating students’educational cost differentials by taking individuals’background characteristics into account.The study addresses the issue of how much more cost a poor student needs to achieve the same academic performance by employing weighted formula widely-used in existing literatures,as children born in poor families or neighborhoods where challenges are inevitable need extra public expenditures to reach the same level of accomplishments,which need to be financially equalized across schools or broader geographic units.Hedonic price theory tailored for equalizing differences will serve as the theoretical foundation for interpreting education cost differentials for those disadvantaged pupils.The article provides both conceptual framework and empirical strategy for providing quality education service across different geographic spaces,and sheds light on how to evaluate local governments’efforts in targeting population in poverty and helping them out as well.