城市社区老年人自评健康状况及其影响因素

Status and Influencing Factor of Self-rated Health of the Elderly in Urban Communities

目的:了解我国3个城市社区老年人的自评健康状况,探讨影响社区老年人自评健康的因素,为开展疾病预防和健康促进工作提供参考。方法:于2017年11月-2018年5月,在北京市、合肥市、兰州市3个城市选取3个社区共1127名老年人作为研究对象。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果:老年人自评健康为好和差的比例分别为41.88%和58.12%。人均月收入低于1000元、每日静坐时长超过4小时、每日睡眠时长少于4小时、近2年发生跌倒、患心脏病、患高血压及对生活不满意者与自评健康较差有关联(P<0.05)。结论:城市社区老年人的自评健康较差,较低的收入、久坐、睡眠时间过短、健康状况、生活满意度影响其自评健康。

Objective:To explore the self-rated health status and the influencing factors of the urban community elderly from three cities in China,so as to provide reference for disease prevention and health promotion.Methods:1127 elderly people were selected in 3 communities of Beijing,Hefei and Lanzhou from November 2017 to May 2018.SPSS 20.0 software was used for univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:There were 41.88%and 58.12%of respondents reported good and poor health status,respectively.Average monthly incomes less than 1000 yuan,sedentary time over 4 hours,sleep duration less than 4 hours,fell down in past 2 years,being diagnosed with hypertension or heart disease and lower satisfaction with life were associated with poorer self-rated health status(P<0.05).Conclusion:The self-rated health of the elderly in urban communities is poor,which is affected by their lower income,sedentary lifestyle,short sleep duration,health status and life satisfaction.