清朝在中朝边境设立“瓯脱”地带的原因分析

Analysis of the Reasons Why Qing Dynasty Set Up"Ou Tuo"Zone Along the Border Between China and Korea

康熙年间,清廷应朝鲜的请求,在中朝边界中国一侧区域设立了“瓯脱”地带,并极力使其成为“无人地带”,其目的是避免两国边民往来,滋生事端。清廷之所以实行这一让步极大的政策,其原因主要有三点:一,中朝之间有特殊的宗藩关系;二,中朝之间有密切的军事互助关系;三,清朝对朝鲜实行特殊的优待政策。但这一政策的实施不仅影响了“瓯脱”地带的开发进程,而且还给晚清时期朝鲜边民大量涌入这一地区以可乘之机,并给朝鲜挑起中朝边界争端埋下了隐患。

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the Qing government, at the request of Korea, set up the "Ou Tuo "zone on the Chinese side of the border between China and Korea and tried to make it "no-man's land". The purpose was to avoid the border people's exchanges between the two countries and subsequent troubles. There are three main reasons for the Qing government to implement this policy. First, there was special suzerain-vassal relationship between China and Korea. Second, China and Korea had close military mutual aid relations. Third, Qing Dynasty carried out a special preferential policy to Korea. However, the implementation of this policy not only affected the development process of "Ou Tuo "zone, but also provided an opportunity for the Korean border people to flood into this area in late Qing Dynasty and laid a hidden danger for Korea to stir up the border dispute between China and Korea.