新疆南疆农地改革如何助力脱贫攻坚——基于K村土地使用情况的调查

How can Agricultural Land Reform in Southern Xinjiang Help Fight Poverty?--Land-use Survey based on village K.

K村属于新疆南疆深度贫困地区,人地矛盾突出,耕地资源匮乏。自1998年第二轮土地承包改革实施以来,受农地使用结构、农业生产条件、村民生产经营观念的制约,K村耕地适度规模化经营面临诸多困难。文章认为,当前在南疆地区,“三权分置”改革的基础条件尚不具备,但应尽快开展农地确权工作,加强对集体土地收益使用的监管。通过土地托管与专业合作社发展现代农业,因地制宜,鼓励农民发展多元化庭院经济。南疆农地改革应坚持公平优先、兼顾效率的原则,从而有效助力脱贫攻坚。

K Village belongs to the deep poverty-stricken region in southern Xinjiang,where conflicts between people and land are prominent and arable land resources are scarce.Since the implementation of the second round of land contract reform in 1998,due to the structure of agricultural land use,agricultural production conditions,and villagers'concepts of production and operation,the moderate scale operation of farmland in K Village has faced many difficulties.The article argues that the basic conditions for the reform of the separation of the three rights are not yet in place in southern Xinjiang;however,the work of confirming the right to agricultural land should be carried out as soon as possible,and the supervision of the use of collective land income should be strengthened;modern agriculture should be developed through land trusts and professional cooperatives;and farmers should be encouraged to develop a diversified garden economy according to local conditions.The reform of agricultural land in southern Xinjiang should adhere to the principle of prioritizing fairness and taking efficiency into account,so as to effectively help alleviate poverty.