舱体零件的机械加工工艺设计要点

Design Key Points of Machining Process of Cabin Parts

舱体零件属于弹体主要结构件之一,有机械强度和重量控制要求,其薄壁回转特征和铝合金材料的不稳定性对机械加工造成了一定难度,主要体现在舱体零件的机械加工变形导致检验数据采集困难和检验结果容易超差两方面。从工艺设计角度出发,应针对舱体零件常见的变形、尺寸精度和几何公差难保证等质量问题制定合理、可行、正确的工艺方案。基于此类零件多年来的工艺设计经验,对舱体类零件的结构、工艺性分析、工艺基准选择、工艺方案设置以及工装设计等方面进行了阐述,有利于提升该类零件的机械加工工艺设计水平和产品加工质量。通过生产过程中的工艺攻关、质量改善等活动提炼出来的工艺设计要点简明扼要,具备适应性、实用性、安全性等特点。

The cabin part was one of the main structural parts of the missile body,which had requirements of mechanical strength and weight control and had machining difficulties because of the characteristics of thin-wall rotation and the instability of aluminum alloy materials.It was mainly reflected in two aspects that the difficulty in collecting inspection data caused by machining deformation of cabin parts and the easy out-of-tolerance of inspection results.From the point of view of process design,reasonable,feasible and correct process schemes should be laid down for the common quality problems of cabin parts,such as normal deformation,difficulty in ensuring dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerance.Based on the process design experience of this kind of parts for many years,it was described that the structure,process analysis,process benchmark selection,process plan setting and tooling design of cabin type parts,which was helpful to improve the machining technology design level and product processing quality of this kind of parts.The key points of process design,which were gotten through technological research and quality improvement activities in the production process,were extracted and purified,it had the characteristics of adaptability,practicability and safety.