上颌埋伏阻生尖牙的研究进展

Research Progress of Impacted Maxillary Canine

除第三磨牙以外,上颌尖牙是临床中最常见埋伏阻生牙。其病因复杂,包括:局部硬组织阻碍、局部病理、邻牙发育异常、遗传因素。若阻生尖牙没有得到及时的治疗,不但会影响患者的口颌功能、心理健康,还会导致严重的并发症,如邻侧切牙牙根吸收等。如何正确诊断治疗上颌埋伏阻生尖牙,是正畸医师和口腔颌面外科医师一直追求的目标。本文对上颌埋伏阻生尖牙的流行病学发病情况、病因、并发症、辅助检查手段、治疗及预后作一综述,以期为临床医生制定治疗计划提供依据。

Impacted maxillary canine is the most common impacted tooth except the third molar.The etiology is complicated,including local hard tissue obstruction,local pathology,abnormal development of adjacent teeth and genetic factors.If impacted canines are not treated in time,it will not only affect patients'oral and jaw function,mental health,but also lead to serious complications,such as root resorption of adjacent incisors.How to correctly diagnose and treat impacted maxillary canine is the goal of orthodontists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons.This article reviews the epidemiology,etiology,complications,auxiliary examination,treatment and prognosis of impacted maxillary canine,in order to provide the basis for clinicians to make treatment plans.