右美托咪定在老年患者气管插管中的作用

The Role of Dexmedetomidine in Endotracheal Intubation in Elderly Patients

目的探讨右美托咪定在老年患者气管插管全身麻醉中的作用。方法于2018年1月-2019年12月,选择我院120例接受气管插管全身麻醉手术的老年患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,每组60例,两组均进行气管插管全身麻醉,观察组在麻醉诱导前,给予右美托咪定静脉注射,对照组给予纳布啡静脉注射,比较生命体征指标、术后麻醉苏醒情况、认知功能评分。结果与插管前相比,观察组插管后的血压、心率增高不明显,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而对照组插管后的血压、心率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后自主呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、恢复指令时间及拔管时间观察组均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术后,观察组的MMSE、MoCA评分与对照组相比高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论给予老年气管插管全身麻醉患者右美托咪定,可减轻气管插管反应,加快术后患者苏醒,减轻术后认知功能障碍。

Objective To investigate the role of dexmedetomidine in general anesthesia of elderly patients with tracheal intubation.Methods From January 2018 to December 2019,120 cases of elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia by tracheal intubation in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups,60 cases in each group.Two groups both underwent general anesthesia for tracheal intubation,before anesthesia induction,the observation group was given dexmedetomidine intravenous injection,and the control group was given intravenous nalbuphine.The vital signs indicators,postoperative anesthesia recovery and cognitive function score were compared.Results Compared with that before intubation,the blood pressure and heart rate of the observation group were not significantly increased after intubation(P>0.05),while those of the control group were significantly increased after intubation(P<0.05).The recovery time of spontaneous respiration,eye opening time,recovery command time and extubation time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).After operation,the MMSE and MOCA scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The administration of dexmedetomidine to the elderly patients with general anesthesia after tracheal intubation can reduce tracheal intubation response,speed up the recovery of the patients,and reduce the cognitive dysfunction.