全程健康教育护理干预对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制、知识掌握及自我护理的影响

Effect of Whole Course Health Education and Nursing Intervention on Blood Glucose Control,Knowledge Mastery and Self-Care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨全程健康教育护理干预对2型糖尿病患者自我护理、知识掌握及血糖控制的效果。方法从2019年3—10月接受治疗的2型糖尿病患者中选出100例为研究对象,采取随机数字表法,将其分为研究组与对照组,每组50例。对照组:实施健康教育常规模式;研究组:实施全程健康教育模式,干预时间为6个月。比较2组患者对糖尿病知识的掌握程度、血糖水平、不良事件发生率以及护理服务满意程度。结果研究组护理服务满意率及掌握糖尿病知识的良好率明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。干预3个月及6个月之后,2组患者餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖水平同干预前相比显著下降;研究组餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白、患者的自护不良行为发生率、低血糖发生率显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论全程健康教育护理模式有助于控制患者的血糖水平,强化患者对糖尿病知识、技能的掌握,降低出院后不良事件的发生率,提升2型糖尿病患者护理服务满意率。

Objective To study the effect of whole course health education and nursing intervention on self-care,knowledge mastery and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods One hundred type 2 diabetes patients treated in our hospital from March to December 2019 were randomly assigned to receive either conventional health education(control group,50 patients)or whole course health education(study group,50 patients)for 6 months.The knowledge of diabetes,level of blood glucose,incidence of adverse events and patient satisfaction with nursing care were compared between the two groups.Results The satisfaction rate of nursing service and the good rate of mastering diabetes knowledge in study group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).After 3 months and 6 months of intervention,fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels significantly decreased in both groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,levels of 2-hour postprandial blood glucose,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin and incidences of poor self-care behavior and hypoglycemia in study group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The whole course health education and nursing mode is helpful for controlling blood glucose level,improving diabetes knowledge and skills,reducing the incidence of adverse events after discharge,and increasing the satisfaction with nursing service in patients with type 2 diabetes.