乡村企业的特殊性及其发展思考

Thinking on the Particularity and Development of Rural Enterprises

乡村企业的特殊性与一般性同样值得重视。这种特殊性主要表现为,有利于资源要素的本地化利用和农民就地就业增收,有利于激活乡村人气和活力,有利于城乡融合和强化涉农产品供给保障,有利于更好应对重大传染病疫情等突发公共事件冲击。城乡融合发展≠城乡企业一样化发展,全面完善公平竞争制度≠不要考虑乡村企业特殊性,乡村企业重要性≠不要考虑乡村企业复杂性和差异性。如不重视乡村企业特殊性会妨碍乡村产业高质量发展。在此基础上,提出促进乡村企业高质量发展的思路,即坚持竞争中性原则和公平竞争制度,优化乡村企业发展环境;基于乡村企业特殊性和外部性,适度加强对乡村企业发展的财税倾斜支持;加强对乡村企业的统筹规划和创新生态建设,强化乡村企业发展的融资和用地用电保障;鼓励乡村企业完善联农带农的利益联结机制,规范资源开发利用和经营行为;完善乡村企业统计工作,加强对乡村企业发展的分类指导。

The particularity and generality of rural enterprises are equally worthy of attention.The particularity of rural enterprises is mainly manifested in that it is conducive to the local utilization of resource or elements,and the increase of local employment and income of farmers,the activation of rural popularity and vitality,the integration of urban and rural areas,and the strengthening of agricultural products supply.It is conducive to better dealing with the impact of such public emergencies as major infectious diseases.Urban-rural integration development is not equal to uniform development of urban and rural enterprises.Improving the fair competition system in an all-round way does not mean that there is no need to consider the particularity of rural enterprises.The complexity and differences should not be ignored despite the importance of rural enterprises.More attention should be paid to the particularity of rural enterprises,otherwise the high-quality development of rural enterprises would be affected.On this basis,this paper puts forward some ideas to promote the high-quality development of rural enterprises,namely,to adhere to the principle of competitive neutrality and fair competition system,and to optimize the development environment of rural enterprise;to appropriately strengthen supportive fiscal and tax policy for the development of the rural enterprises according to the particularity and externality of rural enterprises;to strengthen the overall planning and construct the innovation ecology of rural enterprise development;to strengthen the support in financing and land supply for rural enterprises;to encourage rural enterprises to improve the interest connection mechanism with farmers and standardize rural enterprise's behaviors during the development,utilization and management of resources;and to improve the statistics of rural enterprise development and strengthen the classified guidance for rural enterprises.