回顾与思考:文学领域的性别研究

Retrospection and Reflection:Gender Studies in Literature

第四次世界妇女大会召开25年来,文学领域的性别研究取得很大的收获,但也存在着对西方理论生搬硬套、忽略本土经验和性别内部的复杂性以及文学的审美分析薄弱等问题。学界在做出反思的同时,从多方面进行新的探索。在此过程中,历史文化资源受到关注,文献资料工作取得明显进展,越来越多的研究者意识到植根于中华民族的历史和现实,赋予性别研究“在地化”品格的重要性,努力寻求进一步打开文学文化现象考察的空间,以总体性的问题视域和多学科交叉的方法深化思考。文学与性别之间关系的探讨需要立足于生活的土壤和历史的视野,具有多元维度和世界眼光。

In the 25 years since the opening of the Fourth World Conference on Women,research on gender in the field of literature has made great strides.At the same time,however,there exists a rigid and mechanical application of western theoretical approaches,a counterproductive effort to force the material to fit the theory.To an extent,this approach has obscured the practical experience of the Chinese intellectual tradition and society;at the same time,it has led to neglect of the complexities inherent in the study of gender and analysis of the aesthetic qualities of literature.In response to this phenomenon,the scholarly community has engaged in a series of reflective studies from a variety of perspectives.There have been several results of this process:a new attention granted to the resources of cultural history,marked advancement in work related to literary sources,an ever-increasing interest of scholars in the history and historical reality rooted in the Chinese experience,acknowledgement of the importance of"localizational context"in gender studies,a positive and progressive opening of space for examining literary and cultural phenomena,and a deepening field of research thanks to more holistic and comprehensive points of view combined with multidisciplinary methodologies.The investigation of the relationship between literature and gender must find its point of departure in the particular local and historical contexts while also maintaining a diverse multidimensions and global perspective.