从空间供求关系出发的小城镇适需性设计探索——以内蒙古苏尼特右旗为例

Study on the Design of Small Towns’Adaptability Based on the Relationship between Space Supply and Demand:Taking Sunit Right Banner of Inner Mongolia as an Example

由于传统空间资源自上而下的规划配置逻辑与实际诉求的不匹配,造成了建设用地高增长、低效率的现象普遍存在,严重制约了国家新型城镇化高质量发展。从现阶段城市空间资源利用效率普遍不高的问题来看,正是由于城市规划设计和实施成果的"供给侧"与公众的"需求侧"不匹配所造成。本文以内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗(文中简称"西苏")为例,通过研究分析地域自然环境、社会意识、文化价值下"人"的行为活动特征,提出从空间供求关系角度出发的适需性设计理论,探索优化城市空间资源供给侧和需求侧匹配的设计方法,同时从满足自上而下的"小城镇的社会、经济、特色魅力展现"和自下而上的"人的生活、交往、认知获得"双向需求出发,解决城市空间资源配置中"供给不足"和"供过于求"的问题,提高城镇化发展质量,探索具有针对性的小城镇空间设计方法,以期为其他欠发达地区小城镇的城镇化发展提供借鉴和参考。

Due to the mismatch between the top-down planning and allocation logic of traditional spatial resources and the actual demands,the phenomenon of high growth and low efficiency of construction land is widespread,which seriously restricts the high-quality development of new urbanization in China.From the point of view of the low efficiency of urban spatial resources utilization at present,it is precisely because of the mismatch between the’supply side’of urban planning and design and implementation results and the’demand side’of the public.This paper takes Sunit Right Banner of Xilinguole League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an empirical object,through the research and analysis of the characteristics of’human’behavior activities under the regional natural environment,social consciousness and cultural value,it puts forward the design theory of adaptability from the perspective of spatial supply and demand,and explores the design method of optimizing the supply side and demand side matching of urban spatial resources.Starting from the top-down’social,economic and characteristic charm display of small towns’and the bottom-up’people’s life,communication and cognitive acquisition’two-way needs,it is aimed to solve the problems of’insufficient supply’and’oversupply’in the allocation of urban spatial resources,to improve the quality of urbanization development,and to explore targeted spatial design methods of small towns,hoping to provide reference for the urbanization development of small towns in other regions.