党政干部选拔任用70年:制度演进与改革成效

Cadre’s Selection and Appointment During 70 Years:System Development and Reform Effectiveness

研究党政干部选拔任用发展演进对促进干部人事制度改革十分重要。新中国成立70余年来,党政干部选拔任用经历了改革开放前计划经济时期的体系确立、党的十一届三中全会召开后初期的改革探索、党的十四大召开后长期的改革深化、党的十八大以来新时期的改革突破四个发展阶段。70余年的党政干部选拔任用呈现出以下发展特征:始终坚持党的领导并强化党管干部原则;从干部委任制向探索实行委任制、选任制、聘任制和考任制等多元化选拔任用制度转变;常规性选拔与竞争性选拔交替回归并呈现出循环式发展和螺旋式上升规律。在改革成效上,党政干部选拔任用管理体制不断理顺、制度体系不断完善、工作机制不断优化。

It’s important for researchers to do more research in Chinese cadre’s selection and appointment system development,which can make cadre and personnel system reform move forward.The 70 years’history of cadre’s selection and appointment system can be divided into four periods:system establishing stage during planned economy before reform and opening up;initial exploration stage after the Third Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party;long time’s deepening reform stage after the Fourteenth National Congress of the Party;new era’s reform breakthrough stage after the Eighteenth National Congress of the Party.Based on four stages,the author draws a conclusion on the developing character and reform effectiveness of the selection and appointment system.The former includes three aspects:insisting the principle of the Party’s leading and cadre management under the Party;changing from only appointment system to multiple selection systems including appointment system,electoral system,employment system and examination selection system;alternating between competitive selection and routine selection,returning to routine selection while moving forward with an ascending spiral.The latter includes another three aspects:keeping straightening out organization system framework on cadre’s selection and appointment system;keeping perfecting the institutional system on cadre’s selection and appointment;keeping perfecting working mechanism system on cadre’s selection and appointment.