有氧运动对2型糖尿病小鼠内脏组织病理形态的影响

The Research of Aerobic Exercise Intervention on Tissue Morphology of Internal Organ in Type-2 Diabetic Mice

为探索有氧运动对2型糖尿病小鼠胰腺组织、肝脏组织、肾脏组织病理形态的影响,选择60只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,随机抽取6只作为空白组;其余小鼠经高脂饮食饲喂12周+低剂量链尿佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射的方法诱导建立2型糖尿病小鼠实验模型,将造模成功的小鼠随机分成运动组和模型组。运动组小鼠每天进行有氧运动,持续8周;空白组、对照组小鼠进行正常饮食喂养。8周后对各组小鼠摘眼球取血,取脂肪组织、胰岛组织、肾脏组织,称质量并处理后进行病理组织切片。结果表明,模型组小鼠的血清胰岛素水平和空腹血糖水平远远高于空白组小鼠的(P<0.001);运动组小鼠的血清胰岛素水平也高于空白组小鼠的(P<0.01)、但低于模型组小鼠的(P>0.05),且均有统计学意义。运动组小鼠的胸腺指数有所升高,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相对于建模组小鼠,运动组小鼠的胰岛结构较清晰,边缘较整齐,细胞分布较均匀,组织疏松,胰岛细胞数目增多,呈现利好态势。有氧运动可降低2型糖尿病小鼠的血糖和胰岛素水平,改善2型糖尿病小鼠的脂肪细胞、胰腺、肾脏组织形态结构,一定程度上改善了2型糖尿病小鼠的胰腺和肾脏的功能,有效降低了内脏脂肪含量和2型糖尿病小鼠肾脏并发症的几率。

To explore the effect of aerobic exercise on the pathological morphology of pancreas,liver and kidney in type-2 diabetic mice,60 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly selected as the blank group;the other mice were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks and intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin(STZ)to establish the experimental model of type-2 diabetes mellitus mice,which were divided into exercise group and model group.The mice in the exercise group were given aerobic exercise every day for 8 weeks;the mice in the blank group and the control group were fed with normal diet.After 8 weeks,the eyeballs of mice in each group were taken,the adipose tissue,pancreatic islet tissue and kidney tissue were collected,weighed and processed for pathological tissue section.The results showed that the serum insulin level and fasting blood glucose level of the model group were much higher than those of the blank group(P<0.001);the serum insulin level of the exercise group was also higher than that of the blank group(P<0.01),but lower than that of the model group(P>0.05),with statistical significance.The thymus index of exercise group increased,but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05).Compared with the model group mice,the islet structure of exercise group was clearer,the edge was more uniform,the cell distribution was evener,the tissue was loose,the number of islet cells increased,showing a favorable situation.Aerobic exercise can reduce the blood glucose and insulin levels of type-2 diabetic mice,improve the morphological structure of adipocytes,pancreas and kidney in type-2 diabetic mice,improve the function of pancreas and kidney in type-2 diabetic mice to a certain extent,and effectively reduce the visceral fat content and the probability of kidney complications in type-2 diabetic mice.