长期血液透析留置导管患者相关并发症的护理对策

Complications and nursing countermeasures of long-term hemodialysis indwelling catheter

目的:探讨长期血液透析留置导管患者发生的常见相关并发症,总结有效的护理对策。方法:选择医院血液透析科收治的120例长期进行血液透析治疗并留置导管的患者进行观察,根据不同护理方案将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各60例。观察组分析患者相关并发症发生原因,给予针对性护理干预;对照组患者给予常规护理,比较两组患者导管留置时间、营养指标、并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者血液透析后的体质指数(BMI)、血红蛋白、白蛋白、导管留置时间、护理满意度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者长期留置导管相关并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:针对血液透析患者,长期留置导管容易发生堵管、感染、血栓等相关并发症,明确引起相关并发症的相关因素,采取针对性护理干预措施可有效降低相关并发症发生率,让血液透析患者的安全得以保证。

Objective:To analyze the common complications long-term hemodialysis indwelling catheter and summarize effective nursing countermeasures.Methods:120 patients with long-term hemodialysis treatment and indwelling catheter were selected in the hemodialysis department of hospital to observe.According to the different nursing programs,the patients control group,observation group,each group 60 cases.The observation group analyzed the causes of the related complications,gave targeted nursing intervention,and the control group gave routine nursing,and compared the catheter retention time,nutritional index and complication rate between the two groups.Results:The body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin,albumin,catheter retention time and nursing satisfaction of observation group after hemodialysis were all better than those of control group(P<0.05),and the complications related to indwelling catheter in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:for hemodialysis patients,long-term indwelling catheter is prone to blockage,infection,thrombus and other related complications,clear related factors causing related complications,targeted nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of related complications,so that the safety of hemodialysis patients can be guaranteed.