宋太宗与释家诗歌

Emperor Taizong of Song and Buddhism Poems

宋太宗推崇释家,也就是佛教,原因是为了更好地维护赵家皇族的统治。宋太宗的释家诗歌《缘识》完成于淳化(990-994)年间,体式多样,但是以古体诗歌为主。《缘识》的主旨在于诠释天台宗的因缘和报应等佛理思想。因为在宋代佛教和道家已经具有融合的一面,而宋太宗本人也受道家思想影响较深,所以宋太宗的崇道思想以及道家和道教诗歌也都突出体现在宋太宗道家诗《逍遥咏》当中,而《逍遥咏》当中的道家和道教的范畴如“阴阳”“逍遥”“道德”“大道”“乾坤”“修炼”等等也渗透到宋太宗的释家诗歌《缘识》当中。《缘识》语言较《逍遥咏》语言通俗易懂。

The reason why emperor Taizong of Song advocated Shijia(a branch of Buddhism)was to better maintain the rule of the Zhao royalty.Yuanshi(the understanding of karma in Buddhism),written by Taizong of Song,was completed in ChunHua(990-994)period.Yuanshi is famous for its various styles and most of them are old style.The main purpose of the book is to interpret the buddhist thoughts of Tiantai Sect(one of the eight major schools of Buddhism in China)like karma and retribution.In the Song dynasty,Buddhism and Taoism already had a fusion and Taizong of Song was deeply influenced by the thoughts of Taoism.As a result of that,the Taizong of Song’s advocating of Taoism can be reflected in Taoism and Taoist poems,especially in the Taoist poem Xiaoyao Yong(ode to the leisure).On the other hand,the Taoist and Taoist categories such as“Yin and Yang”,“leisure”,“morality”,“Da Dao(the ultimate truth)”,“the universe”,“Xiu Lian(cultivation)”and so on have also penetrated into the Taizong of Song’s poetry Yuanshi.The language of Yuanshi is easier to understand than that of Xiaoyao Yong.