摘要
本文分析并测定了从15个位于黄土高原北部的遗址中浮选的炭化植物遗存的年代及数量,讨论了该地区新石器-青铜时代农业结构的变化、发展及自适应。研究表明,该地区粟的占比随着遗址年代的推移呈现出上升趋势,证明了先民的农业技术随时间变化而发展;受季风降水特征影响,东南部灌丛草原区粟的占比随时间变化上升趋势明显,西北部干草原区则变化较弱,证明环境的差异也造成了农业模式的不同;在干旱气候条件限制下,自中全新世以来黄土高原北部地区的主要作物始终为粟和黍,粟作农业奠定了黄土高原乃至中国北方的文明基础。
On basis of the carbonization results and quantitative statistics of seed remains from 15 sites, we discuss and infers the agriculture development and adaptation in the northernpart of the Loess Plateau during the Neolithic-Bronze Age. The proportion changes of foxtailmillet in this area show an upward trend with the passage of the ruins, which proves that theagricultural technology developed with a time change. Influenced by the characteristics ofmonsoon precipitation, the proportion of foxtail millet in the southeastern shrub grassland areahad an obvious upward trend with the change of time while the change was weak in the drylandarea, which proves that the difference of environment also caused the difference of agriculturalpatterns. Limited by dry climate conditions, the main crops in the northern part of the LoessPlateau have been foxtail millet and common millet since the Middle Holocene, which laid acivilized foundation for millet agriculture in the Loess Plateau and even in northern China.
作者
包易格
李小强
刘汉斌
赵克良
John Dodson
沈慧
张贵林
王建
周新郢
BAO Yige;LI Xiaoqiang;LIU Hanbin;ZHAO Keliang;John DODSON;SHEN Hui;ZHANG Guilin;WANG Jian;ZHOU Xinying(State Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China;College of Earth Science,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Wollongong,Wollongong NSW 2522,Australia)
出处
《人类学学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期461-472,共12页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
国家重大基础专项(973)(2015CB953800)
国家自然科学基金(41772371,41572161)
中国科学院青促会专项经费。
关键词
农业起源
环境适应
全新世
人类适应
气候变化
Agricultural origin
Environmental adaptation
Holocene
Human adaptation
Climate change