中国省域森林公园旅游效率时空格局演化及影响因素研究

A study on the evolution of spatial-temporal patterns of tourism efficiency and its influencing factors in Chinese provincial forest parks

以2000—2014年我国31个省域森林公园为研究对象,综合测度其旅游效率,采用ESDA空间分析方法探究其空间演化规律,结果表明:2000—2014年间全国省域森林公园旅游各项效率均值较高,达最优水平的81%以上,其中综合效率和纯技术效率较高的省域分布在我国东南部区域,而规模效率较高的省域分布在西北部区域,总体上森林公园旅游效率受纯技术效率驱动.森林公园旅游效率在全国空间上存在集聚现象且空间关联特征明显.局部省际间纯技术效率和综合效率的演化集聚特征表现为HH扩散效应区逐年增多,LL低速增长区逐年减少,规模效率表现出相反的演化特征.各项效率的影响因素有所差异,综合效率和纯技术效率与社会经济环境、旅游业发展水平和区域创新能力大致呈正相关,而规模效率则与其呈负相关.

Taking 31 provincial forest parks in China's Mainland from 2000 to 2014 as the research object,comprehensively measuring their tourism efficiency,using ESDA spatial analysis method to explore their spatial evolution law,the results show that,the average efficiency of national provincial forest park tourism is high from 2000 to 2014,basically reaching more than 81%of the optimal level.The provinces with higher overall efficiency and pure technical efficiency are located in the economically developed southeast region,while the provinces with higher scale efficiency are located in northwest region.The tourism efficiency of forest parks is generally driven by pure technical efficiency.The tourism efficiency of forest parks has agglomeration phenomenon in the national space,and the overall spatial correlation characteristics are obvious.The characteristics of evolution and agglomeration of pure technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency among local provinces are that the HH diffusion effect area is increasing year by year,the LL low-speed growth area is decreasing year by year,and the scale efficiency shows the opposite evolution characteristics.The influencing mechanisms of various efficiencies are different.Comprehensive efficiency and pure technical efficiency are roughly positively correlated with the socio-economic environment,tourism development level and regional innovation capability,while scale efficiency is negatively correlated with them.