几个新选育水稻恢复系的主要农艺性状配合力分析及食味评价

Combining Ability Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits and Taste Evaluation of Several New Rice Restorer Lines

利用5个不育系和4个恢复系杂交配组了20个杂交组合,采用4×5 NCII遗传设计,对杂交组合的8个农艺性状和2个品质性状进行配合力分析,探讨不同亲本的配合力表现。结果表明,株高、着粒密度、结实率、单株有效穗、蛋白质含量和小区产量的广义遗传力与狭义遗传力差异较大,而结实率、单株有效穗和小区产量的非加性遗传作用较显著,易受环境的影响。不育系基因型在株高、结实率、蛋白质含量和食味值的性状表达方面起主导作用。恢复系基因型在穗长、每穗粒数、着粒密度、千粒重和单株有效穗的性状表达方面起主导作用。恢复系R 1636和不育系品资5 A表现出较好的一般配合力。恢复系R 1636组配组合的食味值综合评分最高,不育系品资5 A分别与R 1636、R 1637和R 1638的食味值最高。在不同的组合间,超标优势中“品资5 A/R 100”最高;在不同的恢复系间,与R 1637组配的组合平均优势值最高,其次是R 1636和R 100。通过相关分析发现,蛋白质含量与多个农艺性状均呈显著或极显著负相关。通径分析表明,在各组合间是通过着粒密度、穗长和每穗粒数对产量起作用。

Twenty hybrid combinations were made from 5 sterile lines and 4 restorer lines and combining ability analysis of 8 agronomic traits and 2 quality traits of hybrid combination was conducted to investigate the combining ability of different parents based on 4×5 NCII genetic design.The results showed that the generalized heritability of plant height,grain density,seed setting rate,number of effective spikes per plant,protein content and plot yield were significantly different from those in the narrow-sense one,while the non-additive heritability of seed setting rate,number of effective spikes per plant and plot yield was more significant,and was easily affected by the environment.Male sterile line genotype played a leading role in plant height,seed setting rate,protein content and the integrated value of rice taste,while restorer genotype played a leading role in panicle length,number of grain per ear,grain density,1000-grain weight and number of effective spikes per plant.Restorer line R 1636 and sterility line 5 A showed better general combining ability,and restorer line R 1636 had the highest comprehensive score of taste value,while sterile line Pinzi 5 A,R 1636,R 1637 and R 1638 had the highest food taste score.Among the different combinations,the Pinzi A/R 100 had the higest over-standard heterosis,and among different restorer lines,the combination with R 1637 had the highest average dominance value,followed by R 1636 and R 100.Meanwhile,correlation analysis showed that protein content was significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation with many agronomic traits.Finally,the path analysis showed that the grain density,panicle length and number of grain per ear influenced the yield among the combinations.