花生种质资源表型鉴定及多样性分析

Phenotypic Identification and Diversity Analysis of Peanut Germplasm Resources

为了分析普通花生种质资源的多样性,对不同来源的498份花生的主茎高、第一侧枝长、总分枝数、结果枝数、单株结果数、鲜果重、干果重等11个主要农艺性状进行多样性、相关性、主成分、聚类分析。结果发现,11个农艺性状的变异范围在21.06%~62.03%之间;相关性分析显示各个农艺性状间存在相关性,主茎高与第一侧枝长(p=0.949^**)、总分枝数(p=0.343^**)、结果枝数(p=0.439^**)、单株结果数(p=0.488^**)、总株数(p=0.205^**)、鲜果重(p=0.127^**)呈极显著正相关关系,与百果重(p=-0.135^**)、百果仁重(p=-0.135^**)、百仁重(p=-0.277^**)呈极显著负相关关系等;主成分分析得出,主茎高、第一侧枝长等在11个测量性状累计贡献率为63.72%;基于11个农艺性状的聚类分析发现,花生种质资源被分为两个大类,4个小组。表明花生具有十分丰富的多样性。

In order to analyze the diversity of common peanut germplasm resources,the analysis of diversity,correlation,principal component and cluster were carried out on the 11 main agronomic traits of 498 peanuts from different sources,including main stem height,first branch length,total branch number,number of bearing branch,bearing fruit number of single plant,fresh fruit weight and dry fruit weight.The results showed that the variation range of 11 agronomic traits ranged from 21.06% to 62.03%.Further,the correlation analysis showed positive or negative correlations among various agronomic traits.For example,the height of main stem was significantly positively correlated with the first branch length(p=0.949^**),the total branch number(p=0.343^**),the number of bearing branch(p=0.439^**),the bearing fruit number of single plant(p=0.488^**),the total number of plants(p=0.205^**)and the fresh fruit weight(p=0.127^**)respectively,while there was a significant negative correlation with 100-fruit weight(p=-0.135^**),100-kernel weight(p=-0.135^**)and 100-nutlet weight(p=-0.277^**).Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the cumulative contribution rate of main stem height and first branch length in 11 measured traits was 63.72%.Based on the cluster analysis of 11 agronomic traits,it was found that peanut germplasm resources could be divided into two categories and four groups,which indicated a very rich diversity of peanut germplasms.