论明中叶吴中文学的两极化生存状态

On the Polarization of Wuzhong Literature in the Middle of Ming Dynasty

明中叶是明代文学发展过程中的重要时期。弘治正德年间,台阁体、茶陵派崛起于前,前七子继之于后,文学复古之浪潮风起云涌。在这股文学复古的大潮中,吴中文学的地位尤为特别。吴中文人一方面以豁达开放的心态与主流文学进行沟通交流,另一方面又以坚韧执着的心态维护着本域文学之基本特色。在热闹的明中叶文坛上,处在这种格局中的吴中文学似乎有些尴尬。其实,文学即是“人”学,吴中文学的矛盾性正是源自吴中文人内心的矛盾状态:身居林泉却心存魏阙;徜徉自然又关注自我。或许正是这种包容而独立、息心又立志的两极状态,玉成了斑斓多姿而又风韵独具的吴中文学。

The middle of Ming Dynasty is an important period in the development of Ming Dynasty litera⁃ture.During the reign of Hongzhi Zhengde,Taige style and Chaling school rose in the front,and the first seven sons followed,and the tide of literature reviving was surging.Among them,Wuzhong literature plays a special role.On the one hand,Wu Chinese people communicate with the mainstream literature with an open and open mind;on the other hand,they maintain the basic characteristics of local literature with a tenacious and persis⁃tent attitude.In the lively literary world in the middle of Ming Dynasty,Wu Sinology seems to be a little em⁃barrassed in this situation.In fact,literature is the study of“human”,and the contradiction of Wuzhong liter⁃ature originates from the inner contradiction of Wu Chinese people:living in mountains but keeping Wei Que in mind;wandering around nature and paying attention to self.Perhaps it is this kind of inclusive and inde⁃pendent,considerate and determined bipolar state that has become a colorful and unique Wuzhong literature.