职业教育本科的相关争议探析——兼论高等教育双轨体系构建与职业教育本科的发展空间

On Debates about Higher Vocational Undergraduate Education——Concurrent Discussion on Construction of Higher Educational Dual System and Development Space of Vocational Education at Undergraduate Level

长期以来,职教界围绕职教本科的定位、内涵、办学主体、与职教体系的关系等展开了许多争论,剖析这些争论,对开展职教本科试点有着积极意义。职教本科以培养产业一线的高端技术技能人才为目标,以职业(工作)标准对从业者素质与能力的要求为教育的逻辑起点,强调在职业(工作)场景进行培养,并要求受教育者具有更多学科性或理论性知识,有着特定的教育内涵,可视为应用型高等教育的特殊类型。当前,突出职教本科的“职业教育”属性,合理界定职教本科的规模和发展空间,同时允许少数高水平高职院校独立开设具有职业教育特点的本科专业,可有效防止高职院校群体盲目的升格冲动,并有助于我国高等教育双轨体系的构建。

There are many debates about orientation,connotation,educational operators,relationship with vocational education system within vocational education academia.It is very important to explore these debates for implementing pilot work of vocational undergraduate education.The higher vocational undergraduate education regards the advanced skilled and technical talents as the educational goal,takes the occupational standards(job)requirements of quality and ability as the educational logical starting point,and stresses the actual work scene as educational place.The higher vocational undergraduate education has its special educational connotation,and it can be treated as a special type of applied universities and colleges.It can effectively restrain the upgrade impulsion of higher vocational colleges and can be helpful to construct the higher educational dual track system to highlight the vocational education properties,define the reasonable development scale and space,and permit a limited number of high-quality higher vocational colleges to independently run the specialties at undergraduate level with vocational education characteristic.