基于需求层次理论的语用动机分析

An Analysis of Pragmatic Motivation in Light ofHierarchy of Needs Theory

语用动机是言语行为的出发点。马斯洛需求层次理论有助于对语用动机的深入分析。“需求”是人的基本属性,人的需求具有缺失性与/或超越性。人对语言的使用是人的整体性行为,以满足人的需求为根本目的。人的各种需求是其言语行为的根本动力,言语行为体现了需求的缺失性与超越性。

Pragmatic motivation is the starting point of speech acts.The Hierarchy of Needs theory by Abraham H.Maslow provides a tool for us to analyze in depth the motivations of speech acts.It is held that“need”is the essential property of human beings and lack and/or metaneeds are the basic attributes of human needs.People s use of language is holistic,satisfaction of his/her needs being the primary purpose.Thus,various needs are the essential driving force for people s speech acts.At the same time,speech acts intrinsically embody the basic attributes of needs(lack and/or metaneeds).