呼伦贝尔草原鼠害与气候因子关系分析

The Relationship Analysis between Grassland Rodent Damage and Climatic Factors in Hulunbeir

草原鼠害是威胁呼伦贝尔草原生态系统最主要的气象衍生灾害之一。利用1978—2017年呼伦贝尔牧区的鼠害发生面积、气温、降水等数据,分析草原鼠害与气象条件的关系。结果表明:每年的鼠害面积与上一年10月上旬和当年6月中旬降水呈正相关;与1月上旬和8月上旬平均气温呈正相关;与上一年10月中旬和当年4月下旬的极端最低气温呈正相关;与上一年12月中旬日照时数呈正相关;日照时数对种群数量影响不大,但对布氏田鼠的生活特性影响较大。

The grassland rodent damage is one of the most important meteorological-derived disasters that threatens the ecology of Hulunbeir grassland. Using the data of rodent damage area, temperature and precipitation in the Hulunbeir from 1978 to 2017, the relationship between grassland rodent damage and meteorological conditions is analyzed..The results show that the area of rodent damage each year is positively related to the precipitation in early October of the last year and mid-June of the this year;it is positively related to the average temperature in early January and early August;there is a positive correlation with the extreme minimum temperature from the middle of last year October to April this year;a positive correlation with the sunshine hours in mid-December of the last year. The sunshine hours had little effect on the population, while had a greater impact on the living characteristics of rats.