《楚辞·渔父》与《庄子·渔父》关系考辨

Textual Research on Chu Ci Fishman and Zhuangzi Fisherman

在《庄子》和《楚辞》的比较研究中,同题作品《渔父》值得关注。二者故事框架相同、叙述目的相反、在主张道家思想上达到了一定程度的统一。而在未有同题创作传统出现的先秦时期,两篇《渔父》的出现并不是完全巧合,创作地域环境的相近、作者对文学接受与创化、叙事技巧中虚构策略的流行以及文学发展进程中意象的逐渐形成,均为同题作品的产生提供了可能。此外,两篇作品亦共同塑造了具有原型意义的渔父形象,即自由闲散的隐者、身怀绝学的高人与恰当其时的救赎者。

In the comparative study of"Zhuangzi"and"Chu Ci",the articles of the same title"fisherman"are worth attention.In the creation of the works,the two articles have the same story frame but opposite narrative purposes,and reach a unity to a certain extent in supporting Taoist thought.In the pre-Qin era,when there was no tradition of same title creation,the appearance of the two articles is not a complete coincidence.The similarity of geographical environment,the author's acceptance and innovation on literature,the popularity of fictional methods in narration,and the formation of images in literature development provide possibility for same title creation.The two works shape a similar image of fisherman with prototypical significance,namely the free and idle hermit,the powerful master,and the timely redeemer.