塔河流域可转让农用水权分配的生态水权分配调整研究

Research on Adjustment of the Ecological Water Right Allocation Based on the Transferable Agricultural Water Right Allocation in Tarim River Basin

可转让农用水权向生态水权分配,有助于塔河流域绿洲生态水权纳入流域水量分配方案,保障绿洲生态水权分配,促进绿洲生态环境维持和恢复;为此,从理论上界定塔河流域基于可转让农用水权分配的生态水权分配调整的内涵,确定调整内容、方法和模型,计算绿洲生态水权分配调整。研究结果表明:①塔河流域基于可转让农用水权分配的绿洲生态水权分配调整以源流为主,干流只有上游需要绿洲生态水权分配调整;其中,叶尔羌河流域绿洲生态水权分配调整最高,并且干流中游和下游不需生态水权分配调整。②较已有研究的绿洲生态水权分配,塔河流域基于可转让农用水权分配的绿洲生态水权分配调整,能够降低流域水量分配方案中的绿洲生态水权分配,提高生态水权保障能力。③塔河流域最低和适宜绿洲维持生态水权分配调整降低绿洲生态水权分配分别大于最低和适宜绿洲维持恢复生态水权分配调整,最低绿洲维持和维持恢复生态水权分配调整降低分别大于适宜绿洲维持和维持恢复生态水权分配调整。④塔河流域干流绿洲生态水权分配调整降低的绿洲生态水权分配大于源流;而且,2030年绿洲生态水权分配调整降低大于2020年,2015年绿洲生态水权分配调整降低最小。这将成为塔河流域绿洲生态水权分配方案确定的参考依据。

The transferability of agricultural water rights to ecological water rights is conducive to the inclusion of ecological water rights in the basin water distribution plan of Tarim river oasis,to ensure the distribution of ecological water rights of oasis,and to promote the maintenance and restoration of oasis ecological environment.Therefore,in this paper,the connotation of ecological water right allocation adjustment based on transferable agricultural water right allocation in Tarim river basin was theoretically defined,the content,method and model of adjustment were determined,and the adjustment of oasis ecological water right allocation was calculated.The results are as follow:①The adjustment of oasis ecological water rights based on the allocation of transferable Agricultural water rights is mainly occurred in the source of Tarim river basin;the adjustment of oasis ecological water rights is needed only in the stem of Tarim river basin;Yerqianghe river basin has the highest adjustment of oasis ecological water rights;and in the middle and low reach of mainstream of basin,the allocation of ecological water rights isn't needed.②Compared with the oasis ecological water rights allocation that has been studied,the oasis ecological water rights allocation adjustment based on the transferable agricultural water rights allocation in Tarim river Basin can reduce the oasis ecological water rights allocation in the basin water allocation scheme and improve the ecological water rights guarantee ability.③In Tarim river,the adjustment and reduction of the ecological water rights were greater than that of the minimum oasis and the restoration of the appropriate oasis,and the adjustment and reduction of the maintenance and restoration of the minimum oasis were greater than that of the maintenance and restoration of the appropriate oasis.④The reduction proportion of the allocation of oasis ecological water rights in the mainstream of basin is higher than that in the source in Tarim river basin.Moreover,the decrease proportion of the allocation of adjustment of oases ecological water right in 2030 is higher than that in 2020,and that in in 2015 is the smallest.This will become a reference to determine the allocation scheme of oases ecological water rights in Tarim river basin.