新观念的植入与困境:“悲剧”与中国戏剧现代化

Acceptance and Dilemma:Tragedy and the Modernization of Chinese Theatre

西方的"悲剧"概念在近现代中国的接受过程,体现出中国戏剧现代化的曲折过程。第一阶段,戏剧理论家与戏剧实践者在对"悲剧"的理解上体现出较大分歧;第二阶段,在"文学进化"观念的影响下,"悲剧"理论与实践的主线,强调积极昂扬的革新精神,表现出对"恐惧"这一重要悲剧审美特征的无意忽视或有意拒绝;第三阶段,马克思主义文艺思潮的引入导致了一种更显积极的"新悲剧"观念的形成,并对后世产生重大影响。

The acceptance of Tragedy in modern China illustrates the complicated process of the modernization of Chinese Theatre.In the first period,theatrical theorists and practitioners showed different understandings on tragedy.In the second period,under the influence of Literary Evolution,the mainstream of theory and practice of Tragedy was to emphasize the positive spirits of renovation."Fear",the most important aesthetic element of tragedy was neglected or rejected by the scholars.In the third period,by the acceptance of Marxist literary criticism,the concept of New Tragedy was created and it had a great influence on later generations.