流动人口水与环境卫生设施获取机会不平等研究

Inequality of Opportunity in Water and Sanitation of Migrants in China

基于2011年中国流动人口动态监测数据,综合采用人类机会指数和Shapley分解方法,测度了中国流动人口安全饮用水与环境卫生公共服务获取的机会不平等,并考察了其主要影响因素。结果表明:中国流动人口安全饮用水HOI为92.27%、环境卫生设施HOI为72.02%;西部地区和四线城市农村户籍流动人口的安全饮用水与环境卫生获取机会不平等状况更为严重;受教育程度和家庭收入等变量对流动人口的安全饮用水和环境卫生设施获取机会不平等的影响最大。

Based on the data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2011,the Human Opportunity Index and Shapley decomposition method are used to measure the inequality of access to safe drinking water and sanitation for the migrants in China,and to examine its main influencing factors.The results of the study show that:(1)HOI of safe drinking water for migrants in China is 92.27%,and HOI of sanitation is 72.02%.(2)The inequality of access to safe drinking water and sanitation for migrants in western regions and fourth-tier cities is more serious.(3)Variables such as education and household income have the greatest impacts on the inequality of access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities of migrants in China.