金沙江乌东德水电站暴雨概念模型与云型特征

Heavy Rain Conceptual model and Related Cloud Type Characteristics of Wudongde Hydropower Station on Jinsha River

利用自动气象观测站降水资料、常规地面与高空观测资料及卫星云图资料,对2012—2017年6—10月金沙江乌东德水电站坝区18次暴雨个例的大尺度环流背景及卫星云图演变特征进行统计分析,结果表明:切变冷锋型、两高辐合型、西南涡型、孟加拉湾风暴型、切变线型和高空槽型是金沙江乌东德水电站坝区的6类暴雨概念模型。总结归纳出对应的6类典型云型:切变线云带前界处的对流云团(8次,占44.4%)、两高辐合云区内部的对流云团(4次,占22.2%)、西南涡西南或东南象限的对流云团(2次,占11.1%)、孟加拉湾风暴涡旋云系中分离出来的对流云团或对流云系(2次,占11.1%)、切变线云带内部的对流云团(1次,占5.6%)、高空槽前盾状卷云区南端的对流云系(1次,占5.6%)。

Based on precipitation data of automatic meteorological observation stations,conventional ground and upper-air observation data and satellite cloud map data,a statistical analysis is carried out on the large-scale circulation background and the evolution of satellite cloud images of 18 heavy rain processes in the Wudongde Hydropower Station dam area on Jinsha River from June to October of 2012—2017.The results show that shear and cold front type,two high convergence type,southwest vortex type,cyclonic storm over the Bay of Bengal type,shear line type and upper trough type are six types of heavy rain conceptual models in the Wudongde Hydropower Station dam area on Jinsha River.The corresponding six typical cloud types are summarized:convective cloud at the front boundary of the shear line cloud 8 times(44.4%),convective cloud inside the two high convergence cloud region 4 times(22.2%),convective cloud in the southwest or southeast quadrant of a southwest vortex 2 times(11.1%),convective cloud or convective cloud system isolated from the storm vortex cloud system in the Bay of Bengal 2 times(11.1%),convective cloud inside the shear line cloud band 1 times(5.6%),convective cloud system at the southern end of the shield-shaped cirrus cloud area in front of the upper trough 1 times(5.6%).