美国对人脸识别技术的法律规制及启示

The Legislation Face Recognition Technology of the UnitedStates and Its Enlightenment

人脸识别技术在维护公共安全、打击犯罪行为等方面具有广泛应用,但同时使用该技术也存在着风险,包括侵犯隐私权、自由权等基本权利,技术被商业组织或政府部门滥用,因技术不成熟而导致歧视、偏见等问题。基于对上述风险的担忧,目前美国对人脸识别技术应用采取谨慎态度,在相关规则尚未出台前,限制政府部门对该技术的使用。在联邦和州立法层面,已经有规制人脸识别技术的立法尝试。这些尝试对我国规范人脸识别技术使用是很好的借鉴。

Face recognition technology has been widely used in maintaining public security and combating crimes.However,there are also risks when using face recognition technology,including infringement of basic rights such as privacy and freedom,abuse of technology by commercial organizations or government departments,and discrimination and prejudice caused by immature technology.Based on the above concerns,the United States takes a cautious attitude towards the application of face recognition technology,and restricts the use of this technology by government departments before the relevant rules are promulgated.At the level of federal and state legislation,there have been legislative attempts to regulate face recognition technology.These attempts are a good reference for standardizing the use of face recognition technology in China.