权势中的部分等同关系——高等学校校长毕业典礼致辞的批评话语分析

Partial Equivalent in Power:A Critical Discourse Analysis of the University Presidents’Commencement Addresses

从批评话语分析的视角出发,以2019年我国30所高等学校校长在本科毕业典礼致辞文本为研究对象,通过分析其结构特征、语义特征及其与网络流行语的互文关系,揭示了毕业典礼致辞话语的社会属性,即致辞的话语实践过程构建了校长的多重身份:无需选择的权威身份和主动选择的网民身份。研究发现,位于话语秩序顶端的校长主动调用网络话语的行为,使得校长致辞在规约中实现了有限的微观自由,这样的话语互动以及话语杂糅引起了校长与学生之间话语秩序的改变,帮助校长于权威中与学生建立了部分等同关系,从而使得校长致辞成为了一种新话语,而话语秩序的动态开放性与话语的对话性正是话语秩序改变和新话语产生的话语原因。

Taking 30 university presidents’commencement address texts in 2019 as examples,this paper analyzes their genre structures and intertextual relations with network buzzwords from the perspective of critical discourse analysis.It is found that the university presidents’commencement addresses as the discursive practice construct multiple identities of the president and show the power relationship between the president and students,i.e.a conventionalized authoritative identity and a constructed netizen identity.As a result,such discourse interaction and discourse hybridity lead to the changes of the orders of discourse between the president and students to establish partial equivalence with students in power relations.