贫困县域旅游精准扶贫居民感知效应实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Effect of Resident Perception in Poverty-stricken Counties on Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Tourism

我国减贫工作已经进入脱贫攻坚的关键时期,在精准扶贫的背景下,旅游扶贫地居民对旅游发展影响的感知,反映了旅游精准扶贫政策实施的实际效应,贫困地区居民的感知差异与特征值得深入研究。本文基于内蒙古自治区国贫县清水河县的数个旅游扶贫重点村镇收集的调查问卷数据,运用因子分析、线性回归分析、聚类分析的方法,分析清水河县旅游扶贫居民感知的维度,并对居民进行聚类分析和其内部差异分析,通过实证研究了解县域各村镇旅游扶贫居民对开展旅游精准扶贫带来的政策效应、经济效应和社会生态效应的感知。研究结果表明居民对政策效应感知认可程度最高,其次是经济效应,对社会生态效应认可程度最低。据此本文就不同类型居民的感知将其划分为扶贫效应认可者、经济效应关注者和理性的支持者,并针对性的对县域旅游精准扶贫工作的开展提出了旅游扶贫工作的思考与建议。

China’s poverty alleviation has entered a critical period.Against the backdrop of targeted poverty alleviation,resident perception of the impact of tourism development in poverty alleviation reflects the actual effect of targeted poverty alleviation policies through tourism.Accordingly,the differences and characteristics of resident perception in poverty-stricken areas deserve further study.Based on the questionnaire data collected from several key villages and towns of tourism poverty alleviation in Qingshuihe County,a poverty-stricken region in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,factor analysis,linear regression analysis and cluster analysis are applied to investigate the dimensions and degree of resident support.Besides,cluster analysis and internal difference analysis of residents are studied.Through empirical research,the resident perception of the policy effect,the economic effect and the social ecological effect of poverty alleviation through tourism in villages and towns in Qingshuihe County are understood.The results show that residents have the highest degree of recognition of the policy effect,followed by economic effects,and the lowest degree of that of the social ecological effect.At the same time,according to the perceptions of different types of residents,they are divided into poverty alleviation effect approvers,economic effect followers and rational supporters.Finally,some reflections and suggestions are put forward on the promotion of poverty alleviation through tourism for counties.